差價合約是複雜的金融交易產品,可帶來由槓桿作用而導致迅速虧損的高風險。 大部分的零售投資者帳戶在跟交易差價合約時錄得資金虧損。您應當考慮您是否充分明白差價合約如何運作,以及您是否能承受您的資金損失的高風險。

加央行利率決議即將公佈,加元後市走向如何?

除了美國通脹居高不下之外,在本月各國公佈的CPI數據中,加拿大4月的通脹指數高達6.8%受到市場關注,這是該國自1991年1月以來的通脹最高水準,超過了市場6.7%的中值估計。

canada inflation rate

今晚,加拿大央行利率決議即將出爐,市場預計加拿大央行在下周可能考慮進一步收緊貨幣政策,將基準利率加息50個基點,從1%上調到1.5%,也有預計會更加激進的加息75個基點。 連續的加息政策會對加元走向產生什麼影響?

加拿大物價一路飆升

和美國一樣,加拿大正在忍受著有史以來最嚴重的通貨膨脹,加央行在西方國家中率先開始加息,從3月至4月連續兩次升息,將基準利率從0.25%上調至1%,但是仍然難擋該國CPI指數的一路飆升。

從5月公佈的分項數據看,食物價格和住房成本是4月份加拿大CPI物價指數上漲的主要推動力。 由於受到俄烏戰爭對於農產品和化肥產品出口的衝擊,食品生產成本快速上升,如果戰爭持續,食品和原材料的供應短缺還會令企業將更多的成本轉嫁給消費者。 數據顯示表示,加拿大人從超市購買的食品價格比一年前上漲了9.7%,這是自1981年以來的最快漲幅。

相較去年同期,住房成本上漲7.4%,由於天然氣等能源價格的上升,較長時間需要供暖的加拿大家庭不得不增加支出。 另一方面,加拿大就業市場強勁復甦,4月份的失業率降至歷史最低點,這推升了工資的上行壓力,增加了企業的生產成本,加劇了通脹的持續攀升。 目前加拿大國內生活成本的增長速度已經超出了該國平均工資增長的兩倍多。

正是由於這些因素,大大提升了市場對於此次會議中加央行再度升息的預期,有市場預測認為當前的通脹水準還沒有到頂,有望衝破7%,因此預計加央行還不會停下加息的步伐。

加息對加元有何影響?

持續的加息會給加拿大的房地產行業帶來較大的衝擊,借貸成本會隨之升高,減少居民對於房地產的投資意欲,這對房地產行業依賴程度較高的加拿大經濟將產生負面影響。

不過,由於加拿大是世界重要的糧食和能源出口國,大宗商品價格的普遍上升其實利好其出口貿易,在一定程度可以抵消一部分加息對經濟帶來的負面影響。 而未來如果大宗商品價格普遍回落,對於加拿大的經濟和貨幣價值的影響將是不利的。

加拿大目前2年期和10年期的債息率均高於美國,反映投資者預期加央行未來為應對通脹將會持續加息,有利於加元走強,但是從昨日公佈的第一季度加拿大GDP數據看該國經濟出現放緩,不及市場預期,若經濟無法改善也會制約加息對於加元形成的提振作用。

後續市場需要關注美國方面的加息政策,預計在6-7月議息會議之後,隨著美國通脹連續回落,其加息的步伐有望放緩。 如果美聯儲的政策符合市場預期,逐漸放緩加息或令美元表現走軟將有利於加元兌美元匯率的進一步上行。

另外,受惠於油價和食品等大宗商品價格在高位持續,加拿大進出口貿易均在近期呈現大幅增長,如果在第二季度該國經濟數據得到改善,相信會為加元帶來新的上升動力。 但投資者也需要留意未來油價、糧食價格可能出現的震蕩對於加元匯率造成的波動行情。

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