以色列袭击伊朗油田后,原油市场处于紧张

上周,在以色列和伊朗开始报复性打击后,原油和天然气价格飙升。

USOIL – Daily Chart
美国原油-每日图表

上周五油价飙升10%,随后回落至7%。在伊朗宣布其最大的天然气田部分关闭后,油价有可能在周一上涨。

“这是一个爆炸性的局势,尽管我们看到去年4月和10月以色列和伊朗直接攻击对方时,局势可能会迅速缓和,”Vanda Insights的Vandana Hari表示。

“这也可能演变成一场更大的战争,扰乱中东的石油供应,”她补充说。

凯投宏观的分析师表示,如果伊朗的石油生产和出口成为制裁目标,布伦特原油价格可能轻松跃升至每桶80至100美元左右。然而,他们表示,这样的油价飙升将鼓励其他产油国增加产量,最终限制价格上涨和对通胀的影响。

这次袭击导致每天1200万立方米的天然气产量暂停。该气田提供了该国约66%的国内天然气,这对电力、供暖和石化至关重要。伊朗目前是仅次于美国和俄罗斯的世界第三大天然气生产国,年产量约为2750亿立方米,占全球产量的6.5%。

多年的国际制裁意味着,大部分天然气是在国内消费的,尽管有些天然气出口到伊拉克等国,而卡塔尔也从该气田出口,因为它与埃克森美孚和壳牌等全球能源公司达成了协议。

“这可能是自Abqaiq以来对石油和天然气基础设施最重要的袭击,”Rystad Energy分析师Jorge Leon表示,他指的是2019年对沙特石油设施的袭击,那次袭击震动了全球市场。

摩根大通分析师认为,最坏的情况是布伦特原油价格达到130美元,尤其是如果这影响到霍尔木兹海峡的话。霍尔木兹海峡是全球近20%石油供应的通道。这样的事件可能会使伊朗210万桶/日的石油出口从市场上消失,并损害沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国等其他海湾产油国。

分析师表示,在这种情况下,石油库存可能大幅下降,导致恐慌性购买。

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