美联储利率预期保持稳定,沃什力挺通胀目标

美联储主席凯文·沃什周三表示,美联储不会容忍通胀率高于2%的目标。他在葡萄牙举行的政策论坛上回击了降息压力。交易员们仍然认为,7月份美联储会议维持利率不变的可能性超过70%,而9月份会议是否会加息则仍难以预测。

走势详情

沃什在辛特拉举行的欧洲央行论坛上表示,尽管短期风险有所缓解,但通胀率仍然过高。他表示,任何期望美联储接受高于目标的通胀率的家庭、企业或投资者“都会失望”。

这是沃什自6月份鹰派就职新闻发布会以来,首次以美联储主席身份在海外公开露面。与他同台的还有欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德、英国央行行长安德鲁·贝利和加拿大央行行长蒂夫·麦克勒姆。

沃什重申,尽管特朗普总统呼吁大幅降低借贷成本,美联储仍将保持独立性。

通胀背景

美联储首选的通胀指标——个人消费支出价格指数(PCE)在5月份同比上涨4.1%。据美国经济分析局(BEA)的数据,剔除食品和能源价格的核心PCE上涨了3.4%。

伊朗战争扰乱燃料市场后,能源价格大幅上涨,推动了近期通胀率的飙升。但随着停火协议的达成,油价已有所回落。这有助于缓解通胀预期,使沃什能够在不暗示政策宽松的情况下承认风险降低。

Crossmark Global Investments首席执行官鲍勃·多尔告诉MarketWatch,“通胀问题比美联储愿意承认的要根深蒂固得多”。

政策背景

沃什摒弃了以往美联储主席常用的较为宽泛的前瞻性指引。他表示,政策决定应该在联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)内部进行讨论,而不是过早地对外公布。

这种做法可能会加剧数据发布前后的市场波动。这也提高了6月份就业报告、工资数据和下一次通胀数据的重要性。

美联储6月份的预测显示,官员们对于今年是否应该再次加息存在分歧。沃什没有提交自己的预测,这与他此前对点阵图作为沟通工具的批评相一致。

展望

下一阶段将取决于油价下跌是否会传导至更广泛的通胀,以及劳动力市场是否依然足够强劲,足以支撑更紧缩的政策。

交易员将密切关注6月份的就业报告、7月30日公布的下一次个人消费支出(PCE)数据,以及美联储在9月15日至16日会议前的任何沟通策略变化。

关于作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亚太区首席分析师,在全球外汇及投资市场拥有逾 20 年的经验。他毕业于迪肯大学(Deakin University),主修金融与经济学,并曾在多家领先的外汇经纪公司担任高级管理职位。

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