差价合约是复杂的金融交易产品,可带来由杠杆作用而导致迅速亏损的高风险。大部分的零售投资者帐户在跟交易差价合约时录得资金亏损。您应当考虑您是否充分明白差价合约如何运作,以及您是否能承受您的资金损失的高风险。

美国消费者信心继续恶化,今晚还将刷新新低吗?

受通货膨胀持续飙升影响,美国消费者的信心持续低迷,这也让市场对于今晚即将公布的美国3月谘商会消费者信心指数充满担忧,美国2月份消费者信心指数较1月份的数据一度大幅下跌逾10点至110.5。而近日公布的美国密歇根大学3月消费者信心指数终值为59.4,市场原先预料维持初值的59.7,该项数字也远低于2月终值的62.8,已为连续第三个月下降。

不过,一些经济学家认为,相对于基本面,密歇根大学情绪指数的持续低迷是过度的,他们预计经济将继续增长。目前美国申请失业救济金的人数处于52年来的低点,且工资正在强劲增长。因此,今晚的数据受到投资者的重点关注,尤其是消费者的信心会不会再创下新的低点。

 

通胀是消费者信心低迷的主因

通胀是影响消费者信心的关键因素,可以看到的是美国的通胀水平还在飙升,似乎仍然没有见顶,无论是能源、食品、住房成本全部上涨,值得一提的是原本市场预计美国的楼市会出现小幅上涨,但是美国2月份待售房屋销量较1月份下降了4.1%至104.9,是2020年5月以来的最低水平,这也从侧面反映出消费者的情绪低迷。

2月10日,美国劳工部发布的数据显示,未经季调的美国2022年1月CPI同比上涨7.5%,创40年以来的新高,已为美国消费者价格指数(CPI)连续第二个月突破7%。其中汽油指数在2月份环比上升6.6%,几乎贡献了全部涨幅的三分之一;食品指数上升1.4%,是自2020年4月以来最大的环比增长。

其实,早在俄乌战争爆发之前,美国的能源价格已经是历史新高,而战争的爆发加剧了美国的通胀水平,继续推升了原本就高企的能源价格。而且,原本分析师们预计美国通胀将会在2月达到顶峰,现在看来不得不推后这一时间,通胀水平或还将继续攀升。调查显示,美国消费者对未来1年的通胀预期终值为5.4%。

随着通胀率的持续高企,市场预期美联储加息的次数将更多,高盛此前上调了美国通胀预期,预计到2022年底,美联储核心个人消费支出价格指数将达到3.7%,高于此前预测值3.1% ,并且其预计今明两年美联储或加息高达11次。高盛报告称,若乌克兰局势急剧变化引发能源价格上涨或供应链中断,未来美国通胀预期有可能再次被调高。

 

消费支出会受影响吗?

由于通胀上行的压力持续,对消费者信心的打击还将持续,那么消费者信心的低迷可能会影响其消费支出吗?从目前的情况看,美国居民支出偏慢、储蓄率高企,在疫情期间累积了超过2.5万亿美元的超额储蓄,与此同时,劳动力市场正在强劲复苏,美国3月公布的初领失业金人数创下逾半世纪以来新低,这对于缓解通货膨胀的影响是利好因素。

虽然通胀加剧挤压了消费者的购买力,但美国国内商品需求总体保持强劲,经济增长的动能依然存在,低迷的市场情绪对于消费者支出的影响暂时不会很大,正如美国零售龙头沃尔玛截至1月底的第4财季业绩显示的那样,仍然优于市场预期。

从密歇根大学情绪指数看,将于今晚公布的美国3月谘商会消费者信心数据可能会继续较为负面,尤其是在俄乌战争的影响持续对油价造成上升压力的背景之下。市场需要密切留意该指数对美股可能造成的负面影响,如果较预期值107更低,或会进一步打击投资者的信心。

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