差价合约是复杂的金融交易产品,可带来由杠杆作用而导致迅速亏损的高风险。大部分的零售投资者帐户在跟交易差价合约时录得资金亏损。您应当考虑您是否充分明白差价合约如何运作,以及您是否能承受您的资金损失的高风险。

欧洲央行利率决议即将揭晓!高通胀会推动加息步伐吗?

今晚,欧洲央行将公布利率决议,目前欧洲的通胀已经高于5%,并且短期内通胀水平难以回落。一直以来,欧洲延续了疫情时期宽松的货币政策,但是欧央行此时或许不得不被迫转向较为鹰派的措施,以抑制高企的通胀。欧洲央行2月货币政策会议纪显示,成员们一致认为,宽松货币政策的规模应该开始缩减。

在去年12月中旬的会议中,欧央行维持三大利率不变,基准利率维持在0.000%不变,存款利率维持在-0.500%不变,但决定逐渐退出疫情时期的刺激政策,并将在2022年3月底停止1.85万亿欧元(合2.1万亿美元)的大流行病紧急资产收购计划(PEPP)。

随着欧央行3月开始逐渐调整政策方向,市场格外关注今晚的会议中是否会公布更为鹰派的措施,以及是否会提及加息的次数和时点。

 

通胀难以短期回落的欧洲市场

由于新冠变种病毒持续在欧洲传播,加上地缘政治紧张诱发能源价格升高以及供需失衡,今年欧洲经济增长将有所放缓,通胀率较预期更高。欧盟执委会2月上调今年欧洲通胀率至3.5%,但是其相信随着能源价格的回落,明年欧洲的通胀压力可能会下降,预计今年第四季通胀将回落至2.1%,2023年会进一步下降。

不过,欧洲经济前景似乎并不乐观,欧盟公布的2月份CPI显示,欧元区通胀从1月份的5.1%跃升至5.8%,核心CPI从2.3%上升至2.7%。这一数据远远高于欧央行的目标通胀率为2%。伴随通胀高企的是经济增长放缓,摩根大通已将欧洲今年经济增长预测削减近一个百分点,目前预计欧洲GDP今年将增长3.2%,而预计第二季度经济增长几乎为零。

实际上,欧洲的通胀压力会逐步回落的判断还为时过早,这还取决于能源供应的是否在短期能跟上需求。就目前而言,欧洲经济和通胀的前景仍面临较大不确定性。俄罗斯是欧洲天然气主要的供应国,俄气的输送管道经过乌克兰,俄乌的军事冲突是否会进一步升级,取决于双方谈判的最终结果。若未来双方战争持续,会进一步推升欧洲的天然气价格,通胀水平也有继续攀升的可能。

 

今年欧央行是否会选择加息?

目前欧洲面临经济增长有所放缓和通胀居高不下的两难处境,为了避免利率上升导致经济进一步放缓,欧洲央行行长拉加德早前表示,欧央行不会在结束购债计划之前开始加息,并称任何政策调整都将是循序渐进。

此外,受乌克兰地缘政治影响,欧元兑美元进一步下跌,并触及2022年的新低,正位于1.082附近。然而,由于油价每上升10%,将令欧洲通胀升温0.2至0.3个百分点,因此欧洲的通胀上行风险正在增加。这让市场开始预测欧央行可能会在今晚的会议中释放更加鹰派的信号,并且加快启动紧缩政策,同时市场也关注欧央行对于最近俄乌局势紧张令欧洲通胀飙升的回应。

至于加息时点的最终到来,则需要综合考虑加息对欧洲经济和金融市场造成的打击程度,以及地缘政治局势的最新变化。据路透社 3 月 1 日至 4 日对经济学家展开的调查,多数经济学家预计欧洲央行将等到今年年底才会推出10 年以来的首次加息。而市场人士普遍预计欧洲央行将在12月加息25个基点,此前预计为2023年2月加息。

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