差價合約是複雜的金融交易產品,可帶來由槓桿作用而導致迅速虧損的高風險。 大部分的零售投資者帳戶在跟交易差價合約時錄得資金虧損。您應當考慮您是否充分明白差價合約如何運作,以及您是否能承受您的資金損失的高風險。

隨著中東衝突升級,原油價格飆升

週一亞洲開盤,油價飆漲逾13%,布蘭特原油價格觸及每桶82美元。此前,美國和以色列的空襲導致伊朗最高領袖哈梅內伊身亡,引發伊朗的報復行動,包括攻擊霍爾木茲海峽的油輪。霍爾木茲海峽是全球20%石油消耗的重要通道。

Brent Crude Price

布蘭特原油期貨開盤上漲13%,隨後小幅回落至每桶81.50美元,漲幅11%;美國西德州中質原油期貨上漲12%至每桶77.80美元。此次上漲反映了市場對全球最重要的石油運輸咽喉要道 霍爾木茲海峽 供應長期中斷的擔憂,風險溢價大幅上升。

據報道,美國和以色列週末對伊朗發動了一系列空襲,造成數百人死亡,包括哈梅內伊和幾名高級官員。伊朗隨即以飛彈攻擊以色列以及美國在巴林、科威特、卡達和阿聯酋的盟軍基地進行報復,同時革命衛隊也攻擊了途經霍爾木茲海峽的船隻。

澳新銀行分析師在報告中寫道:「隨著報復行動演變為襲擊霍爾木茲海峽的油輪,石油供應面臨的威脅已大幅上升。」報告強調,霍爾木茲海峽承擔全球約20%的石油運輸任務,相當於每天1500萬至2000萬桶。

歐佩克+小幅增產

歐佩克及其盟友週日召開緊急會議,同意從3月份起將日產量提高20.6萬桶,但這僅是霍爾木茲海峽石油運輸受限可能造成的損失的一小部分。沙烏地阿拉伯和阿聯酋擁有超過300萬桶/日的閒置產能,但改變海灣原油的運輸路線將推高運輸成本並延遲運往亞洲的交貨。

美國總統川普週日晚間警告稱,軍事行動將繼續,美軍傷亡可能進一步增加,這加劇了人們對這場衝突將曠日持久而非僅限於有限交火的預期。

更廣泛的避險情緒蔓延

石油危機波及整個市場,重創股指期貨:標普500指數期貨下跌1.8%,那斯達克指數期貨下跌2.1%,歐洲史托克600指數期貨下跌1.5%。避險黃金價格上漲2.2%,逼近每盎司2,700美元,10年期美國公債殖利率下跌5個基點至4.15%。

美元指數走強0.4%,提振了能源進口國,但給出口國帶來了壓力。航空股和非必需消費品類股在盤前交易中領跌,交易員指出燃油成本上漲可能再次引發通膨。

通膨和成長威脅加劇

布蘭特原油價格若持續上漲至每桶90-100美元,可能透過運輸和煉油業的傳導效應,使全球整體通膨率上升0.5-1個百分點,從而增加聯準會和其他央行降息的難度。日本、印度和歐洲等能源感應型經濟體面臨最嚴峻的挑戰,在疫情後經濟復甦依然脆弱的情況下,實際收入面臨風險。

本週的關鍵監測指標包括透過衛星追蹤的霍爾木茲油輪運輸量、伊朗出口碼頭的最新情況以及歐佩克+主要產油國釋放進一步增產的訊號。選擇權市場目前預期,如果供應中斷持續,布蘭特原油價格在3月底前突破90美元的機率為70%。

關於作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亞太區首席分析師,在全球外匯及投資市場擁有逾 20 年的經驗。他畢業於迪肯大學(Deakin University),主修金融與經濟學,並曾在多家領先的外匯經紀公司擔任高級管理職位。

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