差價合約是複雜的金融交易產品,可帶來由槓桿作用而導致迅速虧損的高風險。 大部分的零售投資者帳戶在跟交易差價合約時錄得資金虧損。您應當考慮您是否充分明白差價合約如何運作,以及您是否能承受您的資金損失的高風險。

通膨疲軟及美國關稅擴大利率差距,加幣下跌

週二,加幣兌美元跌至一周低點,原因是加拿大國內通膨疲軟降低了市場對加拿大央行收緊貨幣政策的預期,而華盛頓方面宣布對加拿大商品加徵新關稅。 美元兌加幣在亞洲交易時段上升至1.4085加幣附近,加幣兌美元匯率接近71.00美分。

市場概覽

週一,加幣兌美元匯率下跌0.3%至1.4060加元,此前一度觸及1.4001加元,為6月17日以來的最高水準。週二的走勢推動美元兌加幣連續第二個交易日走高。

美元指數(DXY)維持在100.96附近,接近一周高點,中東緊張局勢支撐了避險需求。加拿大兩年期公債殖利率週一收於美國公債殖利率的137個基點附近,進一步擴大了加幣面臨的利率劣勢。

通膨影響加拿大央行展望

加拿大6月年通膨率從5月的3.2%放緩至2.8%,低於先前2.9%的預期。消費者物價指數(CPI)較上月下降0.4%,降幅是預期的兩倍,其中汽油價格下跌超過10%。

潛在壓力也有所緩解。加拿大央行公佈的CPI中位數降至1.9%,CPI修正值降至1.8%,兩者皆降至2%以下,為近六年來首次。

數據顯示,加拿大央行在12月前升息的隱含機率從72%降至66%。 Bannockburn Global Forex首席市場策略師Marc Chandler在數據發布後表示:“市場普遍認為,加拿大央行可能要到年底才會升息。”

7月15日,加拿大央行連續第六次會議維持隔夜利率在2.25%不變。報告稱,加拿大經濟正在改善,但指出美國貿易政策和中東衝突是通膨和經濟成長面臨的最大風險。

關稅重燃貿易風險

美國總統川普宣布對一系列加拿大進口商品加徵50%的關稅,其中包括葡萄酒、水泥、乳製品、家具和冰球裝備。這些措施將於8月19日生效,依據是1930年《關稅法》第338條,這是該條款近一個世紀以來首次啟用。

即使是符合《美墨加協定》規定的商品也將被徵收關稅。能源、鉀肥、魚類、關鍵礦產以及受單獨國家安全關稅保護的產品則可豁免。

加拿大總理馬克‧卡尼表示,渥太華方面已提出解決爭端的方案,並隨時準備進行密集談判。這次爭端升級增加了出口商的不確定性,並提高了報復和跨國投資疲軟的風險。

聯準會與海灣危機風險支撐美元

市場預期高企的油價可能再次引發通膨壓力,並促使聯準會採取比加拿大央行更為緊縮的貨幣政策,美元也因此獲得支撐。週二,美國10年期公債殖利率接近4.59%,市場正在評估海灣衝突是否會推高運輸和能源成本。

也門與伊朗結盟的胡塞武裝宣布對沙烏地阿拉伯實施海上封鎖,伊朗則考慮一項為期10天的停火提案。 「目前局勢仍然非常不穩定,」澳洲國民銀行策略師羅德里戈·卡特里爾表示。

油價支撐加幣

油價維持在六週高點附近,對與大宗商品掛鉤的加幣構成一定支撐。週一,美國原油價格在每桶82美元左右波動,但對美伊重啟談判的預期抑制了油價的漲幅。

加拿大是美國主要的原油出口國,因此油價上漲可以提高其貿易收入。殖利率差距擴大、通膨疲軟以及貿易摩擦再升級,抵銷了上述支撐作用。

展望

加幣的下一步走勢將取決於華盛頓和渥太華在關稅生效前能否取得進展,以及市場是否會進一步降低對加拿大央行收緊貨幣政策的預期。交易員也將關注聯準會的評論和美國經濟數據,以判斷能源成本上漲是否會改變利率前景。

油價和中東局勢仍是第三個關鍵因素。原油價格持續上漲可能提振加拿大出口收入,但如果投資者預期美國通膨和利率上升,可能會推高美元。

關於作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亞太區首席分析師,在全球外匯及投資市場擁有逾 20 年的經驗。他畢業於迪肯大學(Deakin University),主修金融與經濟學,並曾在多家領先的外匯經紀公司擔任高級管理職位。

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