差價合約是複雜的金融交易產品,可帶來由槓桿作用而導致迅速虧損的高風險。 大部分的零售投資者帳戶在跟交易差價合約時錄得資金虧損。您應當考慮您是否充分明白差價合約如何運作,以及您是否能承受您的資金損失的高風險。

霍爾木茲海峽交通量的改善抵消了美國經濟制裁和原油價格下滑的影響

週一,原油價格下跌,原因是霍爾木茲海峽的航運活動出現小幅回升,緩解了市場對短期供應中斷的擔憂;這一因素的影響蓋過了美國針對伊朗擴大經濟制裁措施所帶來的市場。截至美東時間16:56,布蘭特原油下跌2.5%,至每桶90.35美元;美國西德州中質原油(WTI)下跌2.4%,至每桶84.95美元。

布蘭特原油價格

美國WTI原油價格

市場概覽

這次下跌發生在上週油價大幅上漲之後;當時,由於市場擔心霍爾木茲海峽通行受阻可能擾亂海灣地區的石油出口,布蘭特原油上漲了7%以上,WTI原油也上漲了近6%。

霍爾木茲海峽是海上能源貿易的關鍵通道。隨著華盛頓與德黑蘭之間的緊張局勢加劇了供應風險並推高了運費,交易員們一直密切關注該海峽的船隻通行情況。

 

霍爾木茲海峽通行狀況改善

根據伊朗媒體報道,在應巴格達的請求後,伊朗允許數量不詳的伊拉克油輪通過該水道。航運追蹤數據也顯示,通行船隻數量略有增加。
Kpler的數據顯示,上週共有121艘船通過該海峽,較前一周增長了2.5%。然而,滿載貨物的船隻數量下降了27%,這表明儘管通行狀況有所改善,但貿易流量仍遠低於正常水平。涉及受制裁對象的通行次數從9次增加到了16次。

一位能源市場分析師表示:“船隻通行量的增加在一定程度上緩解了市場的擔憂,此前市場已預估會發生更直接的供應衝擊。但滿載船隻數量的減少表明,正常的出口業務尚未恢復。”

 

美國的製裁行動

美國週一宣布了名為「經濟孤立行動」的更廣泛制裁行動,旨在限制伊朗獲取石油收入及進入國際金融網絡。財政部長貝森特表示,這些措施將針對與伊朗貿易相關的實體,包括航運、航空、技術、黃金和數位資產領域的網路。

這項行動可能會對繼續與伊朗保持商業往來的國家和企業產生更廣泛的影響。中國和印度是伊朗的主要貿易夥伴;如果針對銀行、保險公司、航運商和大宗商品買家的執法力度加大,可能會使支付和實體石油交付變得更加複雜。伊朗官員表示,如果經濟壓力持續,德黑蘭將採取報復行動。伊朗國家安全委員會秘書穆赫辛·雷扎伊稱,若經濟衝突升級,經由霍爾木茲海峽及更廣泛的波斯灣地區的石油出口可能會被迫中斷。

 

航運風險依然存在

儘管霍爾木茲海峽的通行狀況有所改善,但更廣泛地區的安全風險並未消除。在紅海海域,航運活動仍面臨遇襲風險,伊朗支持的胡塞武裝已多次將商船作為攻擊目標。

根據一位也門軍方官員及英國海上貿易行動辦公收到的報告顯示,一艘沙烏地阿拉伯油輪在延布以西海域遭到了拋射物攻擊。

一位原油交易員表示:“相比單純的政治聲明,油價很可能對實際發生的供應中斷反應更為劇烈。市場將密切關注是否有任何事件導致實際出口量減少,或迫使更多船隻改變航線。”

關於作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亞太區首席分析師,在全球外匯及投資市場擁有逾 20 年的經驗。他畢業於迪肯大學(Deakin University),主修金融與經濟學,並曾在多家領先的外匯經紀公司擔任高級管理職位。

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