差价合约是复杂的金融交易产品,可带来由杠杆作用而导致迅速亏损的高风险。大部分的零售投资者帐户在跟交易差价合约时录得资金亏损。您应当考虑您是否充分明白差价合约如何运作,以及您是否能承受您的资金损失的高风险。

国际油价冲上七年新高,离见顶还有多远?

国际油价上周录得连续第七周上涨,尤其是在最近几天,纽约油价一度冲破每桶90美元和92美元的关口,创下七年多以来的新高。受国际油价大涨提振,A股油气板块全线走强,近日该板块的多只股票涨停,包括中曼石油、贝肯能源、中海油服等。

 

明日,欧佩克即将公布月度原油生产报告,市场将重点关注其成员国是否能完成产量目标,以及供应端的紧张局面是否会继续持续。预计该报告的公布也会对原油市场增添波动,提醒投资者需要密切留意。

 

为何近段时间国际油价涨不休?

 

供应端是造成本轮原油价格上升的主因。首先,市场担忧一些欧佩克国家无法完成月度产量目标,并且缺少闲置产能用于未来产能提升,从而导致供应端的短缺。其次,近段时间俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的地缘政治紧张局势,加剧了市场对原油供应的担忧。俄罗斯作为欧佩克的主要成员国家,在全球原油供应上掌握着话语权,加之俄罗斯基本上垄断了欧洲天然气供应,如果双方开战,将会加剧原油供应端的紧张局面,导致油价进一步飙升。从库存端看,受近期寒冷天气影响,美国原油产量下降,上周美国原油库存也意外下降,进一步对油价形成支撑。

 

再看需求端,早前在变种病毒奥密克戎席卷全球之时,国际油价曾一度暴跌,而出人意料的是变种病毒不但没有减少市场对原油的需求,由于疫情期间的供应中断,反而让全球的油气供应更加吃紧。欧佩克在今年1月份月报中预期,2022年全球原油需求量有望达到100.79百万桶/天,这个数字甚至超过了疫情前2019年100.10百万桶的需求量。由此可见,供不应求是当前原油市场的现状,也造成了油价持续居高不下的情况。

 

尽管早前曾有分析师指出,今年美国即将开启加息周期,随着通胀受到抑制,原油市场的需求可能同步受到抑制。但是,欧佩克否认了这样的观点并指出,这不太可能削弱原油需求的前景。即使央行收紧货币政策,市场的强势也将持续,石油库存显著低于五年均值。

 

未来原油价格还会涨多高?

 

面对屡创新高的油价,市场上更多的声音是认为油价见顶的时候还没有到来,今年还有进一步上行空间。随着世界主要产油国逐渐增产,如果原油供应追上需求,油价可能出现放缓,但是实际上一些欧佩克国家并没有按计划增产,去年12月欧佩克成员国日增产仅16.6万桶,远低于增产目标25万桶,因此要真正改变供不应求的局面还需要经历较长的时间。

 

正如欧佩克此前表示,2022年原油价格或将继续震荡上行,全年维持在中高位上。这让不少投资机构看好今年的油气板块,认为上行趋势将有利于增加上游原油开采行业以及油服行业的发展动能,并且有助于促进整体石油开采行业的技术创新与应用。其中,高盛预测油价将在第三季突破100美元,摩根士丹利也预测油价将突破100美元。

 

不过,需要注意的是,汽油价格的上涨也是造成美国通货膨胀的主要原因之一,原油价格续涨不休也会影响美国总统拜登的民众支持率,因此美国政府正在尽力通过政治途径遏制油价的继续攀升。此外,地缘政治的不确定性也会造成国际油价在未来面临更多未知数。若地缘政治出现解决或缓和迹象,油组成员国及各国政府联手为油价降温,国际油价可能出现大幅向下调整,国际油价将可能回试至86美元以下,更可能挑战80美元。

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