差价合约是复杂的金融交易产品,可带来由杠杆作用而导致迅速亏损的高风险。大部分的零售投资者帐户在跟交易差价合约时录得资金亏损。您应当考虑您是否充分明白差价合约如何运作,以及您是否能承受您的资金损失的高风险。

英国央行有望降低量化宽松规模,英镑未来走向如何?

本周市场关注的焦点英国央行利率决议今晚即将揭晓,市场普遍预计将在本周的利率决议上宣布加息25个基点,再之前英国央行已经连续三次加息,今晚是否会持续加息还有待委员会成员的同意。

同时,市场亦关注英央行何时开始缩减购债,一旦英央行正式宣布缩减购债,首先会冲击债市,对英镑有较大机会的提振作用。摩根大通早前预计,美国、英国和欧元区的央行债券需求今年将减少1.7万亿美元,2022年将减少2万亿美元。

通胀飙升和经济衰退的博弈

和美国一样,英国目前也正深陷通胀高企的困局之中,对经济衰退的担忧和通胀高企的现实反复左右着英央行的政策决定。英央行连续加息的背后是通胀的直线飙升,当前英国的通货膨胀率已处于30年来最高水平,3月份英国通货膨胀率飙升至7%,这一数据也反映出俄乌冲突对欧洲能源、粮食等供应链带来的负面经济影响。

uk inflation

(来源:Bloomberg)

在过去的4月英国的通胀还在持续飙升,有经济学家预计,今年4月英国通货膨胀率可能将高达8%。摩根大通经济学家蒙克斯认为英国通胀上升幅度更大,预计4月通胀将升至接近9%的水平,触及今年的峰值。考虑到10月家庭能源价格将进一步上涨30%,通胀在今年年底前将一直维持在高位。

能源和粮食成为英国通胀飙升的主因。从4月1日起,英国普通家庭使用的能源价格上限大幅上涨,每年的能源价格上限比此前上涨约700英镑,涨幅达54%。加上粮食危机正在席卷英国,由于价格不断上涨,食品行业将出现大规模收缩,威胁到英国未来的粮食安全。

英国的经济增速正在放缓,预计其2022年增长3.6%,较2021年的7.5%低近一半。劳动力市场仍然紧张,因物价增长超过工资的涨幅,有大量的人选择离开劳动力市场。此外,在此次会议上,英国央行可能会在此次利率决议上给出更多关于如何缩减8470亿英镑的指引,加息和缩表等紧缩政策或将进一步为经济增长带来下行压力,英央行需要在权衡经济增长和抑制通胀中找到最佳平衡点。

未来英镑走势如何?

为抑制飞升的通胀,英央行是率先宣布加息的央行,随后难以停下加息的步伐,市场预计接下来英央行会议上可能出现50个基点幅度加息的预期迅速增强,并认为该央行将有机会在3月和5月的会议上累计升息75个基点。不过,受限于对经济衰退的担忧在英国国内持续,激进的加息政策可能性不太大,但是持续性的加息步伐可能还难以停下。

未来英镑的上行机会仍然较大,不过还需要观察此次会议对于加息的最终决定,若英央行持续加息有利于英镑进一步上行。由于当前通胀的上升水平对英国国内的消费者信心已经产生了严重的打击,英央行加息的立场可能不会过于强硬,也可能对英镑的提振空间有所限制。

而早前有消息称英国银行将开始减少其持有的金边债券库存,如果在此次会议上英国央行进一步说明未来如何减持8750亿英镑的英国政府债券,让市场了解未来货币紧缩的趋势,也会增加英镑受到提振的机会。随着英国未来开始缩减量化宽松投资组合,交易员也增加了对未来借贷成本上升的押注。

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