英镑兑美元在霍尔木兹海峡石油危机和英国央行降息预期骤降的背景下重回1.3400关口

周一,英镑兑美元强势反弹,重返1.3400上方,上涨0.3%至1.3431,交易员在200日均线附近进行震荡盘整。早盘一度跌至1.3280,此次反弹反映出市场对英国央行降息的预期减弱,而中东紧张局势升级加剧了能源通胀担忧。尽管霍尔木兹海峡危机引发了更广泛的避险情绪,英镑兑美元的复苏仍凸显了其韧性。

GBPUSD-2026-03-10_10-14-58

事件详情

该货币对连续第六个交易日在1.3400附近震荡,收盘走高预示着短期走势偏向买方。 2月28日,美国和以色列对伊朗发动空袭,导致伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊身亡,由此引发的霍尔木兹海峡局势升级,导致油轮航行中断,油价飙升,英国央行3月降息概率从80%以上骤降至20%以下。伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队对“萨芬威望”号和“普里玛”号等船只的威胁和袭击,凸显了霍尔木兹海峡咽喉要道的脆弱性,威胁着全球能源供应。

市场快讯

英镑/美元从1.3280的低点反弹,测试1.3450的阻力位,守住了1.3400的200日均线,但低于50日均线。美元指数(DXY)下跌0.33%至98.99,在其他避险需求推动下,美元承压走低。布伦特原油(LCOc1)一度突破76美元,随后涨幅收窄,提振了与其相关的加元;而黄金(GCJ26)下跌0.24%至5146美元,市场情绪涨跌互现。

政策应对

市场目前预期英国央行2026年全年降息幅度不足一次,仅为25个基点,这与危机前的鸽派立场截然相反,因为英国对能源进口的依赖加剧了通胀风险。油价飙升可能使英国CPI上涨0.4个百分点,超过欧元区的影响,并使贝利的政策走向更加复杂。美联储讲话和美国就业数据即将公布,但特朗普政府敦促油轮无视伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队的封锁,这预示着局势可能升级。

资产波动

受能源冲击的影响,股市承压,标普500指数(SPX)期货走软,原因是经济增长担忧加剧;10年期美国国债收益率下跌,提振了债券价格。受英国通胀利好因素提振,英镑兑美元汇率表现优于欧元/美元,报1.1617(-0.01%)。白银(SIK26)上涨3.04%至每盎司86.88美元,主要受工业需求推动。日元兑美元汇率坚挺,报157.79。

宏观背景

霍尔木兹海峡僵局威胁英国经济增长,家庭面临持续通胀,而公众预期在2022年达到峰值后已然高涨。英镑上涨凸显政策分歧:英国央行受困于输入性通胀,而美元在美国经济数据好于预期后走软,涨势减弱。更广泛的影响指向能源依赖型欧洲的滞胀风险,这将限制全球降息空间。

“英国央行降息的可能性消失得比霍尔木兹海峡的交通流量消失得还快,英镑/英镑买家趁低吸纳,”伦敦Prime Market Terminal的一位外汇交易员表示。牛津经济研究院一位分析师补充道:“油价突破80美元就意味着英镑成为通胀对冲工具。”

交易员们密切关注伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队(IRGC)的升级信号、周五公布的美国非农就业数据以及布伦特原油价格突破80美元,以判断英镑兑美元汇率的走向。英国央行3月19日会议前的言论以及霍尔木兹海峡油轮的过境情况将决定风险流向。

关于作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亚太区首席分析师,在全球外汇及投资市场拥有逾 20 年的经验。他毕业于迪肯大学(Deakin University),主修金融与经济学,并曾在多家领先的外汇经纪公司担任高级管理职位。

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