差價合約是複雜的金融交易產品,可帶來由槓桿作用而導致迅速虧損的高風險。 大部分的零售投資者帳戶在跟交易差價合約時錄得資金虧損。您應當考慮您是否充分明白差價合約如何運作,以及您是否能承受您的資金損失的高風險。

科技股一系列歷史新高背後:獲利成長跑贏升息陡增風險

本周美國股市在科技股的帶動下持續刷新歷史新高,週四標普500指數納斯達克指數再度攜手新高。逢低買盤忽略了不斷上升的成本壓力,在回調後紛紛搶購盈利能力強的科技公司,芯片製造商、光學器件和存儲設備公司領漲,因為全球內存芯片供應進一步收緊。市場普遍樂觀地認為,工業企業有望從人工智慧的蓬勃發展中獲利,這也推動了該產業創紀錄的成長動能。

雖然面對一直高漲的能源價格,投資人一直在努力應對通膨反彈帶來的各種挑戰,但強勁的企業獲利和人工智慧的獲利潛力繼續支撐著市場對經濟和股市的信心。標普500指數成分股公司第一季獲利迄今飆升27%,是分析師預期約12%的兩倍多——這是自2004年以來,除重大衝擊後的復甦階段外,最快的同比盈利增長。

彭博數據顯示,衡量標普500工業板塊與費城證券交易所半導體指數45天相關性的指標目前為0.75,接近6月以來的最高水準。此指標讀數為1意味著這兩個板塊的走勢高度一致。人們越來越擔心,該板塊與人工智慧的關聯性可能過強。

機構指出,強勁的獲利復甦和仍然較低的持倉水準抵消了債券殖利率上升帶來的威脅,股市仍有進一步上漲的空間。他在接受彭博電視台採訪時表示,財報季“簡直瘋狂,絕對瘋狂”,近87%的公司業績超出預期,其表現與新冠疫情后的經濟重啟時期類似。摩根士丹利的跨資產策略師表示,該股票仍然是全球資產配置中最受歡迎的資產類別,而對美國股票的偏好則源自於其更好的風險回報狀況和獲利潛力。

 

標普500和納斯達克指數創新高的主要動力

美股財報季已經接近尾聲, 本週一度出現了一些獲利了結但是沒有阻礙科技股繼續引領股市向上。最新財報季帶來的獲利超預期,是美股新高關鍵的提振。標普500成分股Q1利潤年增27%,是分析師預期(約12%)的兩倍多。近87%的公司業績超預期,強度堪比疫情後經濟重啟時期,也是自2004年以來,除重大衝擊後的復甦階段外,最快的同比盈利增長。

目前市場刷新記錄持續以AI熱潮為主題,晶片製造商、光學元件、儲存設備領漲,源自於全球記憶體晶片供應進一步收緊。市場不僅看好AI的直接受益者(晶片股),也開始相信工業企業也能從AI發展中獲利。即便麵對面對成本上升壓力,資金選擇湧入獲利能力強的科技公司。

 

科技股樂觀暫時蓋過了升息預期

本周美國CPI和PPI都顯示物價壓力進一步升溫,根據芝商所聯邦利率觀察工具,金融市場目前定價12月升息25個基點的機率已升至逾30%。理論上升息預期升溫將壓制估值,但目前市場目前更重視獲利成長的速度是否跑贏利率上升的速度。 27%的獲利成長遠超歷史均值,提供了估值緩衝墊。不過,如果聯準會升息預期不斷升溫,一旦市場確信升息重啟,高估值成長股的調整壓力最大。

美股目前靠著「獲利超預期+AI信仰」撐住了通膨和升息的壓力,短期看,AI算力需求仍在爆發期,全球內存晶片供應進一步收緊將有利於科技股的盈利預期上調。不過,風險在於AI概念泛化意味著情緒過熱風險;若宏觀數據走弱(如零售銷售明顯放緩),週期性強的晶片股首當其衝。納指目前關注30,000點心理關卡的突破情況,如果面對升息預期升溫,則可能會弱化其繼續大幅衝高的動力。

英偉達(NVDA)將於5月20日美股盤後公佈的27財年Q1財報,將是對於當前科技股升勢的重磅考驗,也是檢驗AI引擎的關鍵。英偉達業績超預期幾乎是板上釘釘──在過去12季中,有9季超預期幅度超過10億美元。 Q1財報季以來,AMD、Palantir、Datadog等公司的強勁業績已證明“企業級AI支出正在加速而非放緩”,而英偉達的財報將是這一敘事的最終確認。若業績超預期並上調指引,科技股可望迎來新一輪上行,可能推動納指突破30000點關口,若僅是「符合預期」或出現供應鏈/競爭擔憂,可能觸發獲利回吐。

關於作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亞太區首席分析師,在全球外匯及投資市場擁有逾 20 年的經驗。他畢業於迪肯大學(Deakin University),主修金融與經濟學,並曾在多家領先的外匯經紀公司擔任高級管理職位。

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