差價合約是複雜的金融交易產品,可帶來由槓桿作用而導致迅速虧損的高風險。 大部分的零售投資者帳戶在跟交易差價合約時錄得資金虧損。您應當考慮您是否充分明白差價合約如何運作,以及您是否能承受您的資金損失的高風險。

伊朗衝突提振昇息預期,金價跌破4000美元

週四,黃金跌破每盎司4,000美元,週五亞洲早盤交易中跌至3,975美元附近。中東緊張局勢升級推高了能源價格、美國公債殖利率以及市場對美國再次升息的預期。金價的下跌抵消了傳統避險需求。

市場概覽

週四紐約交易時段尾盤,現貨黃金(XAU/USD)下跌1.9%,至每盎司3,984.64美元,盤中一度下跌2%。美國黃金期貨結算價下跌1.5%,至每盎司3,992.10美元。

週五亞洲早盤,金價進一步走弱,觸及3,975美元附近。週四美元上漲0.2%,基準10年期美國公債殖利率走高,增加了持有無收益黃金的機會成本。

能源威脅擴大

路透社引述三位消息人士的話稱,伊朗已要求也門胡塞武裝做好準備,如果美國襲擊伊朗電力基礎設施,他們將切斷曼德海峽的航運。此消息加劇了市場的擔憂。伊朗和胡塞武裝均未公開證實此指示。

此前,美國再次對伊朗沿海防禦設施和飛彈發射場發動攻擊。 6月達成的脆弱停火協議已經破裂,導致霍爾木茲海峽的能源運輸中斷。衝突爆發前,該海峽承擔全球約五分之一的石油和液化天然氣貿易。

曼德海峽連接紅海和亞丁灣。根據Kpler的數據顯示,6月每天約有740萬桶石油經由該海峽運輸,約佔全球石油產量的7%。

StoneX能源市場策略總監Alex Hodes表示,事態發展造成了“嚴重風險”,該地區兩條主要的石油出口通道可能同時面臨中斷。

利率預期上升

儘管布蘭特原油週四收跌0.9%,報每桶84.23美元,但由於本週稍早大幅上漲,仍接近一個月高點。美國西德州中質原油收在每桶78.95美元。

能源和運輸成本上升可能反過來推高消費者價格,使聯準會控制通膨的努力更加複雜。儘管本週稍早公佈的美國通膨數據較為疲軟,但利率期貨顯示,交易員認為聯準會9月升息的可能性約為53%。

道明證券全球大宗商品策略主管巴特·梅萊克表示,布蘭特原油價格上漲維持了「最早9月升息」的預期。由於黃金不提供收益率,更高的利率預期往往會對黃金構成壓力。

疲軟的數據削弱影響

美國6月消費者物價指數(CPI)下降0.4%,創下自2020年4月以來的最大單月降幅,而年通膨率從5月的4.2%放緩至3.5%。核心通膨率較去年同期回落至2.6%。

6月生產者物價指數(PPI)也下降了0.3%,其中能源成本下降6.4%是主要降幅。然而,這些數據主要反映的是近期石油和航運相關費用上漲之前的狀況,因此對未來通膨預期的影響有限。

能源前景的變化提振了美元和美國公債殖利率,促使部分投資者拋售黃金。黃金可能受益於地緣政治不穩定,但如果同樣的危機推高了通膨和利率預期,這種支撐作用就會被抵銷。

貴金屬回落

整個貴金屬市場普遍下跌。現貨白銀下跌3.6%至每盎司55.68美元,鉑金下跌3.1%至每盎司1,621.83美元,鈀金下跌4.1%至每盎司1,260.70美元。

貴金屬的普遍下跌表明,投資者正在應對金融環境收緊,而不是尋求金屬市場的避險。工業金屬也面臨能源和貨運成本上漲是否會削弱全球需求的不確定性。

展望

交易員將密切關注緊張局勢是否會蔓延至曼德海峽,霍爾木茲海峽的油輪運輸是否會進一步惡化,以及油價將如何應對美國或伊朗的任何進一步軍事行動。

市場還將評估聯準會官員即將發表的言論以及最新的美國經濟數據,以尋找決策者正朝著再次升息邁進的證據。美元或美國公債殖利率的進一步上升可能會繼續對黃金構成壓力,而外交進展或疲軟的經濟數據則可能有助於將金價穩定在4000美元以下。

關於作者

 

Martin Lam 是 ATFX 亞太區首席分析師,在全球外匯及投資市場擁有逾 20 年的經驗。他畢業於迪肯大學(Deakin University),主修金融與經濟學,並曾在多家領先的外匯經紀公司擔任高級管理職位。

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